Gingivitis

Gingivitis and Periodontitis

Gingivitis is the medical term for early gum disease, or periodontal disease. In
general, gum disease can be caused by long-term exposure to plaque, the sticky
but colorless film on teeth that forms after eating or sleeping.

Gum disease originates in the gums, where infections form from harmful bacteria
and other materials left behind from eating. Early warning signs include chronic bad
breath, tender or painful swollen gums and minor bleeding after brushing or flossing.
In many cases, however, gingivitis can go unnoticed. The infections can eventually
cause the gums to separate from the teeth, creating even greater opportunities for
infection and decay.

Although gum disease is the major cause of tooth loss in adults, in many cases it is
avoidable.

If gingivitis goes untreated, more serious problems such as abscesses, bone loss or
periodontitis can occur.

Periodontitis is treated in a number of ways. One method, called root planing,
involves cleaning and scraping below the gum line to smooth the roots. If effective,
this procedure helps the gums reattach themselves to the tooth structure.

Pregnancy has also been known to cause a form of gingivitis. This has been linked
to hormonal changes in the woman's body that promote plaque production.